Land transport is the transport or movement of people, animals or goods from one location to another location on land. The two main forms of land transport are road transport and rail transport . Humans’ first means of land transport was walking. The domestication of animals introduces a new way to lay the burden of transport on more powerful creatures, allowing heavier loads to be hauled, or humans to ride the animals for higher speed and duration. Inventions such as the wheel and sled helped make animal transport more efficient through the introduction of vehicles. However, water transport, including rowed and sailed vessels, was the only efficient way to transport large quantities or over large distances prior to the industrial revolution
- Road
The first forms of road transport were horses, oxen or even humans carrying goods over dirt tracks that often followed game trails. The first earth tracks were created by humans carrying goods and often followed trails . As animals were domesticated,horses , oxen and donkeys became an element in track-creation. After the invention of wheel , animal drawn vehicles came up , followed by cycles,rickshaws,motorcycles, scooters,cars etc.
- Rail
The history of rail transportation dates back nearly 500 years, and includes systems with man or horse power and ralis of wood (or occasionally stone). This was usually for moving coal from the mine down to a river, from where it could continue by boat, with a flanged wheel running on a rail. Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India. Railways also make it possible to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances . 1804 – First steam locomotive railway known as Penydarren or “Pen-y-Darren” locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick .The first train carried a load of 10 tons of iron.
Ishika Asmita 